Japan Military Seeks Record Budget     09/30 06:15

   

   TOKYO (AP) -- Japan's Defense Ministry is seeking a record-high budget of 
nearly 5.5 trillion yen ($55 billion) for fiscal 2021 to fund more purchases of 
costly American stealth fighters and expand its capability to counter possible 
threats in both cyber and outer space.

   The budget request made public Wednesday is the first under new Prime 
Minister Yoshihide Suga and would be an 8% increase from the current year, 
signaling a continuation of his hawkish predecessor Shinzo Abe's security 
policy. Japan's defense spending has risen for eight consecutive years since 
2013, a year after Abe took office.

   The rise in spending came as Abe pushed for Japan's Self-Defense Force to 
expand its international role and capability amid threats from North Korea and 
China, both traditional and nontraditional. Japan also faced demands from 
President Donald Trump that U.S. allies increase defense spending, which Japan 
did in part with costly American weapons purchases that also bolster weapons 
compatibility with American forces.

   Purchases for missile deterrence are among the most costly items in the 
proposed 2021 budget and include Lockheed Martin Corp.'s F-35B stealth fighters 
capable of short takeoff and vertical landing for 26 billion yen ($246 
million). Japan has plans to acquire 42 F-35Bs in coming years.

   To accommodate the F-35Bs, the Defense Ministry is seeking 3.2 billion yen 
($30 million) to reconfigure one of its two helicopter carriers, Kaga, with a 
heat-resistant flight deck. The other flat-top Izumo has also been configured.

   The ministry is also seeking 58.7 billion yen ($556 million) for the 
research into developing next generation fighter jets to replace F-2s retiring 
in the 2030s. Japan plans to develop its own engine, but is also considering 
co-developing some other parts with the U.S. and Britain.

   Japan's costly purchase of American weapons has helped reduce its trade 
surplus with the U.S., but has raised concerns at home that it will set back 
its fledgling local defense industry.

   The 2021 budget request includes funding for less traditional defense such 
as the research and operation of space and cyber units, as well as for new 
electromagnetic warfare units.

   The electromagnetic unit would be headquartered at the Ground Self-Defense 
Force's Asaka base, north of Tokyo, and an unspecified number of staff would be 
deployed at several army bases across the country by March 2022, mostly in 
southern Japanese islands including Okinawa --- areas of increased Chinese 
maritime and air activity.

   The mission of such a unit would be to block electromagnetic attacks that 
could disrupt thing such as radio and GPS functions. The ministry is requesting 
7 billion yen ($66 million) to purchase RC-2 reconnaissance plane, and about 23 
billion yen ($218 million) for research into surveillance systems to counter 
electromagnetic attacks by drones and other weapons.

   Japan in May launched the Space Operations Squadron as part of the Air 
Self-Defense Force, with 20 initial members. It is expected to grow to about 
100 members once the unit is fully operational in 2023.

   The unit is tasked with monitoring and protecting Japanese satellites from 
enemy attacks or space debris. It will also conduct satellite-based navigation 
and communications for other troops in the field.

   The ministry will launch a commanding unit in western Tokyo and staff size 
will be increased to 70 next year. It is seeking more than 72 billion yen ($680 
million) to design and launch a surveillance satellite and develop and purchase 
equipment compatible with the U.S.

   The requested budget could rise even higher as the ministry has requested an 
unspecified amount for the alternative to the land-based Aegis Ashore missile 
defense system, which the government scrapped in June because of technical 
issues.

   Defense officials are considering three off-shore options, including the use 
of destroyers, with a decision to be made later in the year.

   Following the Aegis Ashore cancellation, Abe instructed the government to 
study a major change to its missile deterrence policy and seek the possibility 
of developing a first-strike capability on enemy bases to defend against 
imminent attacks amid rising missile threats in the region.

   Suga's government is expected to compile a new plan later this year.

   Abe in 2015 reinterpreted Japan's pacifist constitution to allow the use of 
force in depending itself and its allies. Japan's defense spending now ranks 
among the world's top 10, according to Stockholm International Peace Research 
Institute.