Group: Migrant Families Still Separated02/21 06:38

   HOUSTON (AP) -- Months after the Trump administration announced an end to 
its widescale separation of migrant parents and children, the policy remains a 
heated issue in the courts and at the border as critics contend the government 
is still needlessly breaking up immigrant families.

   The Texas Civil Rights Project released a report Thursday that counts 272 
separations at a single Texas courthouse since June, when President Donald 
Trump issued an executive order ending widespread separations amid public 
outrage.

   The bulk of those cases involve children who cross the U.S.-Mexico border 
with relatives other than their parents, such as grandparents, uncles and 
aunts, or adult siblings.

   Thirty-eight cases involved a parent or legal guardian, the majority of whom 
had criminal convictions, the group said.

   In a statement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection argued the group 
incorrectly categorized cases involving other relatives because the Homeland 
Security Act "does not make concessions for anyone other than a parent or legal 
guardian." CBP includes the Border Patrol, which apprehends people entering the 
U.S. illegally.

   The government and the American Civil Liberties Union were due back in court 
Thursday to discuss what might be thousands of children who were separated 
before a June court order requiring the speedy re-unification of families.

   The government has acknowledged taking more than 2,700 children from their 
families and has reunited most of them, but a watchdog report last month found 
that thousands of other children were separated and released before the order.

   "What's happening is the government is doing separations unilaterally 
without any process to contest the separations and without a child welfare 
expert overseeing the separations," ACLU lawyer Lee Gelernt said.

   One concern, Gelernt and others said, is the fate of children cared for by 
relatives in arrangements that were never formalized.

   In one case discovered by the Texas Civil Rights Project, an 11-year-old boy 
from Guatemala was separated from his uncle, who was his caretaker because his 
father had not been involved in his life and his mother had died of cancer, 
said Efren Olivares, a lawyer for the project.

   "Those are very difficult situations, especially because the government 
takes the position that it is not their responsibility to reunite them because 
they are not the legal guardian," he said.

   Lawyers from the project have gone almost every day since last spring to the 
courthouse in McAllen to find adults charged with illegally entering the U.S. 
and ask them if they had brought any children. McAllen is in South Texas' Rio 
Grande Valley, the busiest corridor for illegal border crossings.

   U.S. immigration authorities say that under anti-trafficking law, children 
crossing the border without a parent or legal guardian must be processed as 
"unaccompanied," even if they are with an adult who isn't their parent or legal 
guardian.

   "Absent verification that an adult is the parent or legal guardian of a 
minor, CBP will continue to prioritize the safety of a minor and comply with 
the statutory requirements," the agency said.

   Unaccompanied children and teenagers from Central America are generally sent 
to government facilities, while the adults could face detention and prosecution 
for illegally entering the U.S. Authorities can also separate parents and 
children if it considers separation to be in the child's best interest, with a 
parent's criminal history often being a factor.

   Gelernt said the government should work to determine if an adult relative is 
the child's caretaker.

   "There can't be a presumption that you just take the child away if it's not 
the biological or adoptive parent," Gelernt said.

   Members of Congress on Tuesday visited an emergency facility for migrant 
children in Homestead, Florida, which has expanded after the U.S. Department of 
Health and Human Services closed a facility in Tornillo, Texas, under public 
pressure.

   U.S. Rep. Debbie Mucarsel-Powell, a Florida Democrat, said she had spoken to 
a girl who had been detained for nine months after being separated from her 
aunt. There were 1,575 children at the facility last week.

   Another Florida Democrat, U.S. Rep. Donna Shalala, said the government's 
definition of an "unaccompanied minor" was too narrow and leads to unnecessary 
separations.

   "If you don't come with a parent, but you come with an aunt, an uncle, a 
cousin, or a brother, you are defined as unaccompanied," said Shalala, a former 
health and human services secretary. "We need to get these children to family 
members much more quickly."

   The government said in December it had separated 81 migrant children at the 
border since the June executive order. According to the government data, 197 
adults and 139 minors were separated from April 19 through Sept. 30 because 
they were found to not be related, though that could include grandparents or 
other relatives if there was no proof of relationship.

   The Health and Human Services Department's inspector general said last month 
that 118 children were separated from their parents from July 1 through Nov. 7.


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